The Metopes of the Temple of Zeus, housed in the Archaeological Museum of Olympia, are rectangular relief sculptures crafted from Parian marble, dated Circa 470-456 BCE. These panels, measuring approximately 160 cm in height and 520 cm in width, are representative of the ideal dimensions found in early classical Greek architecture. They document the Twelve Labors of the hero Heracles, also known by his Roman moniker, Hercules, each metope illustrating a distinct task.
Commissioned for the architectural frieze of the Temple of Zeus, the total of twelve panels could indicate a recognition of the god's importance by its intended audience. The metopes conform to the Severe Style prevalent in classical Greek sculpture, favoring dramatic narrative and anatomically accurate portrayals.
The scenes represented in the metopes not only serve as a depiction of Heracles' conquests but also encapsulate significant societal values, such as courage, mental and physical strength, and perseverance, thereby providing a cultural insight into the era's moral and ethical priorities.